AFTN, An autonomously functioning thyroid nodule, also known as a "hot nodule," is a localized overgrowth within the thyroid gland that functions independently of the normal regulatory mechanisms that control thyroid hormone production. In other words, it is a thyroid nodule that produces thyroid hormones without being controlled by the body's natural feedback system.
Hot nodules are typically noncancerous (benign) and are characterized by increased uptake of radioactive iodine on a thyroid scan. This increased activity indicates that the nodule is producing excessive amounts of thyroid hormones, leading to symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as rapid heart rate, weight loss, tremors, and heat intolerance.
Treatment options for autonomously functioning thyroid nodules may include medication to regulate thyroid hormone levels, radioactive iodine therapy to shrink the nodule, or surgical removal of the nodule. It is essential for individuals with hot nodules to undergo thorough evaluation and monitoring by a healthcare provider to determine the best course of treatment based on the individual's specific situation.